Research on Key Technologies for Grain Quantity Detection Based on Laser Ranging Technology

Grain production is a significant industry in China's agriculture, and the detection of grain quantity is one of the most fundamental and crucial aspects in grain management and inventory control. Traditional grain quantity detection primarily relies on weighing methods, which have shortcomings such as low accuracy, low work efficiency, and excessive manual intervention. With the continuous development of technology, new grain quantity detection methods have emerged, providing possibilities for improving the accuracy and efficiency of grain detection. This paper proposes a grain quantity detection scheme based on Laser Ranging Sensor to achieve rapid, accurate, and automated measurement of grain pile volume and quantity calculation.

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1. Grain Quantity Detection Scheme Based on Laser Ranging Technology

①Technical Principle

Laser Distance Sensor is a measurement method based on the interaction between light radiation and matter. Relying on the specificity of laser wavelength and the linear propagation characteristics of laser beams, it can accurately reflect the distance information of target objects. Therefore, we chose laser ranging technology for the volume measurement of grain piles.

②Measurement Equipment

The core equipment for grain quantity detection is the laser rangefinder and camera. The laser rangefinder is responsible for measuring the height and length of the grain pile, while the camera is used to capture the three-dimensional shape of the grain pile for subsequent algorithmic processing.

③Measurement Process

The measurement process includes three steps: automatic alignment of the laser rangefinder and camera, laser scanning, and camera photography. The specific process is as follows:

(1) The laser rangefinder performs laser scanning while recording data from the scanned area;
(2) The camera captures images of the scanned area;
(3) The measurement data obtained is processed through algorithms to determine the volume of the grain pile.

In actual measurement operations, as there are many factors that affect accuracy, we need to control the measurement environment to reduce measurement errors. The main control measures include:

(1) Ensuring a clean and dry measurement environment to avoid interference such as reflections during scanning;
(2) Avoiding interference from ambient light as much as possible, which can be achieved through the use of shading boards, etc.;
(3) Employing high-precision laser rangefinders and cameras to improve measurement accuracy.

④Algorithm Processing

After obtaining the data from laser scanning and camera photography, we need to perform algorithmic processing to obtain the volume value of the grain pile. In the experiment, we used an adaptive median filtering method to remove noise and calculated the volume of the grain pile through three-dimensional image reconstruction.

2. Analysis of Experimental Results

To verify the accuracy and efficiency of the grain quantity detection scheme based on laser sensor, we conducted experiments. The measurement object was a pile of 20 tons of corn. The experimental results showed that the scheme had high calculation accuracy, stability, and reliability, and could quickly and accurately calculate the volume value of the grain pile. The accuracy error was less than 2%.

3. Conclusion

The grain quantity detection scheme based on laser distance module has the characteristics of high accuracy, high efficiency, and automation, suitable for quantity detection and grain inventory management of different types of grain piles. In future practical applications, we will further optimize this scheme to better adapt to the grain management needs under various complex environments.